And warren k



2 sheets-S113@ 1.

vw; BARDsfBEf-Ysffgw-Wi K. GRQFPORD.

BMQHWAY new Mmm-msm.

l(Ne: Model.)

INVENTUHS.

@mkg Il,

THE NATIONAL LITMDGRPI'UNG COMPANY. wnsmnmon, n. c*

(No Model.) 2 Sheet-s-Sheet 2.

W. BARDSLEY 8u W. K. CROFFORD.

HATGHWAY DOOR MBGHANISM, No. 516,694.

Patented Man'.` 20, 1894.

4 W LMI 0 v w 0 L 4 Y 4 ezmlm w/TNEssEs.-

TTOHNE Y.

YH! NATIQNAL Lrmoamrwma cnrlmv. wAemNe'roN. D. e.

N ETE WILLIAM BARDsLEY, oF KEARNEY, NEW JERSEY, AND WARREN K. GROE-FoRD, oF NEW YORK, N. Y.

. HATCHWAY-DOO'R IVIECHANISlVI.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 516,694, dated March20, 1894.

Application iiled March 20,1893. Serial No. 466,823. (No model.)

. To @ZZ whom t may concern.:

Be it known that we, WILLIAM BARDsLEY, aresident of Kearney township,New Jersey, and WARREN K. CROFFORD, a resident of the city of New York,in the State of New York, citizens of the United States, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Hatchway-Door Mechanism, of whichthe following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in hatch-Way door mechanism, andconsists,first, in novel. means connected with hatch-way doors, forrendering the movement of the latter when in use practically noiseless,and, second, in a novel arrangement of levers connected with said doorand adapted to be actuated to open the same by the elevator hoist orcarriage during its movement through the elevator shaft.

The first portion of ourinvention comprises the employment of a liquidcheck having a valve piston and rod, the latter through suitable leversbeing connected with the hatch- Way door. The construction and operationof the liquid check is such that the door is permitted to freely openbut on being released is checked by the restraint to which the liquid issubjected on passing from the lower to the upper side of the piston inthe checking cylinder.

The first .portion of our invention further comprises an v adjustablespring connected withy the said levers whereby the weight of the door iscounter-balanced or partially taken up by the said spring. When thehatch- Way door is closed, the said spring will be under a strongtension in its extended condition, and hence will exert an upward pullon the door and facilitate the opening of the latter, the springgradually contracting as the door opens. During the closing of thehatch-Way door the said spring is gradually extended and exerts itsforce to prevent the too rapid closing of the door. 4.The spring thusaids the liquid check in insuring the closing of the hatch-way doorwithout noise, and aids the automatic lever mechanism in opening thedoor by exerting its tension-to elevate the latter on its hinges.

The second portion of the invention comprises a pivoted main actuatinglever whose longer arm projects into the elevator shaft in position toreceive the contact of the descending elevator carriage, While theshorter arm of said lever extends downward and outward from saidelevator shaft, and is connected by a link with an auxiliary' leverpivoted to move on a vertical plane with the Walls of the elevator shaftand having its outer end connected by a rod with the hatch-way door. Thedescending carriage comes into contact with the first mentioned leverand bydepressing the longer arm of same effects the movement of thelink, auxiliary lever and connecting rod for the purpose of turning thedoor upward on its hinges and thus leaving the elevator shaft free andclear for the descending carriage.

The main object of the special arrangement of levers made the su bjectof the second part of our invention is to obtain a full movement of thedoor and its connecting rod with the most limited movement in theshorter arm of the main actuating lever, and thus to adapt the automaticlever mechanism for use in connection with the fast running'elevators ofthe present day.

.The invention will be more fully understood from the detaileddescription hereinafter presented, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation partly insection on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2, of an elevator shaft and hatch-waydoor provided with mechanism constructed in accordance with andembodying the invention. Fig. is a Vertical section of same on thedotted line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged central verticalsectionV of the lower portion of the liquid checking cylinder, thesection being on thev dotted line 3-3 of Fig. 4. Fig. 4 is a horizontalsection of same on thedotted line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an enlargedlongitudinal section ot" the lever connected with the piston rod of theliquid checking cylinder, the section being on the dotted line -'of Fig.6; Fig. 6 is a top view of same and illustrating particularly theadjustable clamp by which the lower end of the coiled spring isconnected ywith the said lever. Fig. 7 is a vertical section of same onthe dotted line 7-7 of Fig. 6.

IOO

In the drawings A designates the usual guide posts outlining theelevator shaft; B the hatch-way door, and C the frame surrounding saiddoor at each door of the buildlng.

The elevator carriage orhoist is designated by the letter D and will beof any suitable construction. The carriage or hoist D is providedusually on its lower end with a cam E, shown by dotted lines in Fig. l,and upon its upper end with a cam F, also illustrated in Fig. 1, thepurpose of the cam E being during the descent of the carriage to comeinto coutact with and actuate the automatic lever mechanism for openingthe hatchway door B, while the purpose of the cam F is during the ascentot' the said carriage to come into contact with the lower side of thehatch-way door and open the same preparatory for the farther' ascent ofthe elevator carriage, which in the customary manner will be Velevatedby a cable G. In the drawings we have illustrated but one hatch-way doorB, but it will be understood that at each fioor of the building therewill be provided a door B and also the automatic lever mechanismhereinafter described for opening the same. The doorB is horizontal andhinged at one edge to the beam H, the hinges being of any suitableconstruction and one of which is designated by the letter I, asillustrated in Fig. l. The door B may be of any suitable constructionand size. Upon the beam His bolted the knuckle .I whose ears or lugsextend upward upon opposite sides of the ear K formed upon the lower endof the cylinder L which is secured to the knuckle J by and adapted tohave an oscillating movement upon the bolt M. The upper end of thecylinder L is provided with a suitable cap N, and within the cylinderisl provided the piston O and pistou rod P, the latter being pivotallysecured atits upper end to the lever Q, which at one end is pivotallysecured on the rod R and at its other end is pivotally connected withthe rod S extending downward and being secured at its lower end to thehatch-way door B, as indicated in Fig. l. The lower end of the pistonrod P is threaded and passes through an internally threaded aperture inthe vertical center of the piston O, the said rod carrying upon itslower end a nut T which loosely supports the disk o1` valve V, thelatter being adapted to have a limited movement between the lowersurface of the piston O and the upper horizontal surface of the nut T,as indicated more clearly in Fig. 3.

The piston O contains above the plate valve V the series of apertures W,all of which are within the line of the circle described by the saidvalve V and are adapted to be closed by said valve during the descent ofthe piston within the cylinder L. At one side of the piston O there isprovided the threaded aperture X and tapered slot Y, the latter beingwider at its upper end and gradually tapering toward and nally into theaperture X at the lower end of the latter. The slot Y is less in widththan the diameter of the aperture X and along its vertical open sidecommunicates with the said aperture. Within the threaded aperture X isthe screw a carrying the valve disk or washer b and adapted to beadjusted in the said aperture X for the purpose of regulating theexposure of the tapered slot Y. In Fig. 3 the position of the screw a issuch that only a small portion of the lower end of the slot Y isexposed, and it will be evident from an inspection of Figs. 3 and etthat by elevating the screw a a larger extent of the slot Y may beexposed and that by working the screw a downward the slot Y may beclosed altogether, if desired. The disk or Valve b is loose on the screwa and during the elevation of the piston O rests upon the upper end ofthe same closing the slot Y. During the use of the mechanism the pistonO has a direct reciprocating movement in the cylinder L, which willcontain a liquid of suitable character, such as oil or glycerine; andduring the ascent of the piston O in said cylinder the liquid will passdownward through the series of apertures W and escape into the lower endof the cylinder, but during the descent of the said piston O thepressure of the liquid in the lower end of the cylinder will cause thevalve V to close all of the apertures W and at such time the onlypassage for the liquid from the lower to the upper side ot' the pistonwill be the slot Y, and hence it will be noticed that the piston O mayascend quite freely but will be checked on its descent by the restrictedpassage Y through which the liquid must pass. The opening of the door Bwill thus be rendered free and easy, while its closing will be retardedowing to the restraint of the liquid in the lower end of the cylinder L.The screw a will be adjusted in its apertureX in accordance with thesize and weight of the door B and other circumstances in order that onlysuicient space may be left in the slot Y for the passage of the liquidconsistent with the'speed with which the door is to be closed and theweight of the door.

The lever Q has along its opposite upper edges the lateral anges d whichreceive the opposite halves e, e, of the clampf, the latter beingillustrated more clearly in Figs. 5, 6 and 7. The two halves of theclampfcorrespend with each other and are secured upon the lever Q at anydesired point by means of the transverse bolts g, which pass through thehalves e, e, above the lever Q. The halves of the clampfare providedabove the lever Q with the lugs h which bear against each other andresist the strain ofthe bolts g. The upper forward portion ot' thehalves e, e, constitute ears which approach each other above the lever Qand receive the bolt i upon which is mounted the disk m having the eye ninto which the lower end of the spring j is hooked. When the door B isclosed the lever tical position. The spring j extends from they clamp fupward to an eye-bolt t which is adjustable in the plate w in order thatthe ten-v sion of the spring j may be regulated not only by theadjustment of the clamp f on the lever Q but also by that of theeye-bolt t in its retaining plate w. When the door B is closed thespring j is under a Strong tension draw` ing upward on the lever Q and'through said lever upon the rod S and door B. The strength of the springj will of. course vary with the weight of the door B, and'should at alltimes be such that the door B no matter how heavy it may be, may beeasily opened without material exertion either by hand or by lever poweror by the elevator carriagey D.

In the employment of the lever Q, rod S, checking cylinder L and springjthe door is provided with means which will permit it to be openedquickly and with the greatest facility and ease, and which when the dooris released will check the same to such anextent that there vwill be nobanging orjarring when the door meet-s its surrounding frame C. During`the opening of the door B the rod S will move the lever Q upward on itsbearing R and the lever Q will through the piston rod P draw the pistonO upward within the cylinder L, the liquid in the latter in the meantimepassing downward through the circle of apertures W and finding its wayin the lower end of the cylinder. The spring j also during the openingof the door B draws upward on the outer portion of the lever Q and thusgreatly aids the opening ot' the door. After the door h-as been openedand released its weight will be suicient to cause it to descend,extending the spring]- and moving the piston O downward through thecylinder L, the valve V at such time closing the apertures W and theliquidpassing upward through the contracted slot Y to the upper side ofthe piston,YV thus ret-arding the closing of the door and insuring itsbeing closed-gradually and without noise.

When the cylinder L with its' connections is applied to hatch-way doorswhere it is desired to use automatic means operable by the elevatorcarriage for opening the hatch-way doors, additional lever mechanismwill be employed, and to this end we provide at a suitable point abovethe hatch-way door the main actuating lever A pivoted at B' and havingits longer arm extending upward and inward into the elevator shaft inposition to be met by the cam E secured to the lower side of theelevator carriage D during the descent of the latter. The lever A isprovided beyond its bearing B with the short arm C' which has .anoscillating movement during the operation of the lever and extendsoutward toward the wallof the elevator shaft. Below the main actuatinglever A is secured the pivotally mounted auxiliary lever D', and

l intermediate this lever and the short arm C secured in a pivotalmanner to the upper end of the connecting rod L', which extends downwardand is pivotally secured to the door B. The rod B', which serves as abearing for the main actuatinglever A', is mounted in the casting Msecured to the standards N', N, as shown more clearly in Fig. 2.1 Theauxiliary lever D is provided with an adj ustable slide O' having theset screw P and receiving-the lower end of the coiled spring Q whoseupper end is secured to an eye in convenient relation to the casting Masshown in Fig. 2. ward tension on thelever D` and facilitates theupward movement of the latter when the lever mechanism is set in motionbythe contact therewith of the descending elevator carriage D. Duringthe descent of the carriage D the cam E, ory any other suitable form ofcam that may b e employed, will rcome into contact with the upperportion of and ride down the lever A', depressing the longer arm Thespring Q exerts a firm up- IOO of the-latter and causing the shorter armC thereof to move upward on its `bearing B",

and, through the connecting rod E', draw'the lever D' upward on itsbearing, the latter'le- Ver being thereby caused to draw its connect-ying rod L upward and open the' door B. It willA be observed that theauxiliary lever. D has a movement parallel with the wallof the elevatorshaft and that the short arm O l of the lever A has a movement towardthe said I'Io wall, and this difference in the movements of the leversrenders it expedient to employ the pivoted knuckles F', K', in orderthat there may be no strain on the parts.

One of the main objects of the arrangement of the lever mechanism abovedescribed is to render a very short` movement of the arm C sufficientfor the full opening of the door B', and this object is fullyaccomplishedby the interposition of the auxiliary lever D and'connecting rods E', L'. A short movement of the arm O- is necessary,owing to the fact that in the majority of instances only a very limitedspace can be occupied by the lever mechanism; frequently the lack ofspace in elevator shafts is a matter of serious consequence.A Thearrangement of lever mechanism above described, however, permits thefull opening of the door without cutting the ver through the connectingrod L and having an extended movement in itself is fully capable ofopening the door B with ease and within a very limited space. After thecarriage has passed downward through the opening left by the open doorB, the latter will gradually close and the levers A, D', will berestored to their former position. In order that the carriage may beenabled to easily operate the lever mechanism without jarring the carand without noise, the spring Q' is provided, the tendency of the latterbeing to draw the lever D upward under the lightest pressure of thecarriage D upon the upper end of the lever A. The spring Q alsofacilitates the closing ot the door B without noise and the return ofthe levers and connecting rods to their normal position without jar ornoise, since the descent of the lever D operates to extend the spring Qand the restraint of the latter is exerted on the former until the doorB and the lever mechanism have assumed their normal position at rest.The automatic lever mechanism freely opens the door B, as abovespecified, without strain, jar or noise and at a speed appropriate forfast running elevators, and when open and after the passage of theelevator carriage the door may be quickly released, since the checkingcylinder will hold it in restraint from the moment the weight of thedoor is brought to bear on the piston O and permit the door during itsfull movement to close gradually and softly.

The invention is not conned to the precise details of construction abovedescribed, and these may be varied at will within the scope of theinvention as claimed.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

l. The hatchway and the horizontal door for same, combined with thechecking cylinder, the piston therein having the openings and oppositelyacting valves, the adjusting screw for the smaller of said openings, andintermediate connections whereby the movement of t-he door istransmitted to said piston; substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

2. The hatchway and the horizontal door for same, combined with theliquid checking cylinder, the piston therein, passages from one side tothe other of said piston, the pivoted lever connected with the pistonrod, the connecting rod intermediate said lever and said door, the clampon said lever, and the coiled spring secured to said clamp and having atension upward on the door; substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

3. The hatchway and the horizontal door therefor, combined with thechecking cylin- 6o e der, the pistontherein, passages from one side tothe other of said piston, the pivoted lever Q connected with the pistonrod and having lateral ianges d, the divided clamp f adjustable on saidlever, the coiled spring j secured to said clamp; and the rodintermediate said lever and said door; substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

4. The hatchway and the horizontal door therefor, combined with thechecking cylin- 7o der, the piston therein having the apertures W valveV aperture X tapered slot Y and screw a, and intermediate connectionswhereby the movement of the door is transmitted to said piston;substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In hatchway door mechanism the main actuating lever whose longer armprojects into the'shaft at an angle to the wall adjacent to which it ispivoted, combined with the 8o auxiliary lever pivoted to move on a planeparallel with the wall, the rod intermediate said levers, and the rodintermediate said auxiliary lever and the door; substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

6. In hatchway door mechanism, the main /W actuating lever whose longerarm projects into the shaft, combined with the auxiliary lever pivotedto move on a plane parallel with the wall, the rod intermediatesaidlevers, the 9o rod intermediate said auxiliary levers and the door,and the coiled spring exertinga tension upward on said auxiliary lever;substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

Signed at New York city this 17th day of 95 March, 1893. l

WILLIAM BARDSLEY. WARREN K. CROFFORD.

Witnesses:

ED. D. MILLER, CHAs. C. GILL.

